Odin is a god of war and death, but also
the god of poetry and wisdom. He hung for nine days, pierced by his own
spear, on the world tree.
Here he learned nine powerful songs, and
eighteen runes. Odin can make the dead speak to question the wisest
amongst them.
His hall in Asgard is Valaskjalf ("shelf of the slain")
where his throne Hlidskjalf is located.
From this throne he observes all
that happens in the nine worlds. The tidings are brought to him by his
two raven Huginn and Muninn.
He also resides in
Valhalla where the slain warriors are
taken.
Odin's attributes are the spear Gungnir, which never misses its
target, the ring Draupnir, from which every ninth night eight
new rings appear,
and his eight-footed steed Sleipnir. He is
accompanied by the wolves Freki and Geri,
to whom he gives his
food for he himself consumes nothing but wine. Odin has only one
eye, which blazes like the sun.
His other eye he traded for a
drink from the Well of Wisdom, and gained immense knowledge. On
the day of the final battle,
Odin will be killed by the wolf
Fenrir.
He is also called Othinn, Wodan and Wotan. Some of the aliases he uses to travel icognito among mortals are Vak and Valtam. Wednesday is named after him (Wodan).
Ragnarok ("Doom of the Gods"), also called Gotterdammerung, means the end of the cosmos in Norse mythology. It will be preceded by Fimbulvetr, the winter of winters. Three such winters will follow each other with no summers in between. Conflicts and feuds will break out, even between families, and all morality will disappear. This is the beginning of the end.
The earth will shudder with earthquakes, and every bond and fetter will burst, freeing the terrible wolf Fenrir. The sea will rear up because Jormungand, the Midgard Serpent, is twisting and writhing in fury as he makes his way toward the land. With every breath, Jormungand will stain the soil and the sky with his poison. The waves caused by the serpent's emerging will set free the ship Naglfar, and with the giant Hymir as their commander, the giants will sail towards the battlefield. From the realm of the dead a second ship will set sail, and this ship carries the inhabitants of hell, with Loki as their helmsman. The fire giants, led by the giant Surt, will leave Muspell in the south to join against the gods. Surt, carrying a sword that blazes like the sun itself, will scorch the earth.
Then Surt will fling fire in every direction. The nine worlds will burn, and friends and foes alike will perish. The earth will sink into the sea. After the destruction, a new and idyllic world will arise from the sea and will be filled with abundant supplies. Some of the gods will survive, others will be reborn. Wickedness and misery will no longer exist and gods and men will live happily together. The descendants of Lif and Lifthrasir will inhabit this earth.Ragnarök does not mean "Twilight of the Gods"; that phrase is the result of a famous mistranslation. "Ragnarökr" or "Ragnarřkr" means "doom of the powers" or "destruction of the powers" (where "powers" means "gods"
Meanwhile, Heimdall will sound his
horn, calling the sons of Odin and the heroes to the battlefield.
From all the corners of the world, gods, giants, dwarves, demons and
elves will ride towards the huge plain of Vigrid ("battle shaker")
where the last battle will be fought. Odin will engage Fenrir in
battle, and Thor will attack Jormungand. Thor will victorious, but
the serpent's poison will gradually kill the god of thunder. Surt
will seek out the swordless Freyr, who will quickly succumb to the
giant. The one-handed Tyr will fight the monstrous hound Garm and
they will kill each other. Loki and Heimdall, age-old enemies, will
meet for a final time, and neither will survive their encounter.
The
fight between Odin and Fenrir will rage for a long time, but finally
Fenrir will seize Odin and swallow him.
Odin's son Vidar will at
once leap towards the wolf and kill him with his bare hands, ripping
the wolf's jaws apart.